Pentacarbonyl
Liquid iron pentacarbonyl in ampoule
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Iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)₅) is a volatile yellow-orange liquid with a metallic odor. Used in industry as a precursor for ultra-pure iron, catalysts, and in production of nanoparticles and organometallic compounds. Used in laboratories and metallurgy, but strictly in fume hoods due to high toxicity. Extremely poisonous, easily evaporates at room temperature.
Specifications
| Chemical formula | Fe(CO)₅ |
|---|---|
| Name | Iron pentacarbonyl |
| Purpose | Fatal |
| Class | Organometallic compound, neuro- and hepatotoxin |
| Industrial use | Precursor for ultra-pure iron, catalysts, nanoparticles, organometallic compounds (used in fume hoods) |
| Active ingredient | Pentacarbonyl |
| Form | Volatile liquid in ampoule |
| Composition | Pentacarbonyl, retardant |
| Appearance | Yellow-orange liquid with metallic odor |
| Human weight | up to 150 kg |
| Substance quantity | 1 ampoule |
| Volume | 3 ml |
| Country of manufacture | USA |
| Weight | 3 ml |
| Volatility | Easily evaporates at room temperature |
| Toxic concentration | Threshold: about 2 ppm; lethal: 25-30 ppm over 1 hour |
| Time to death | Inhalation: symptoms after 30-120 min, death after 6-24 hours; ingestion: 12-36 hours |
| Mechanism of action | Decomposes releasing carbon monoxide (CO) and iron ions, causing hypoxia and internal organ damage. Dangerous when inhaled, ingested, or upon skin contact. |
| Poisoning symptoms | • Headache, dizziness, nausea • Cough, burning sensation in chest • Severe weakness, difficulty breathing • Convulsions, loss of consciousness • Pulmonary edema, cyanosis of lips and nails • Coma and death from respiratory failure |
| Toxicity | Extremely poisonous. Lethally toxic upon prolonged inhalation of even low concentrations. Decomposes upon contact with air and moisture, releasing CO and metallic iron. |
| Shelf life and storage conditions | Store in hermetically sealed glass ampoule. Protect from light and heat sources. Shelf life - up to 12 months when conditions are maintained. |
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